Excavating dipper



sept. 7, 1937. MQ-1,. FYKSE 2,091,974 ExcAvATING DIFFER Filed laren 16, 19:56

@MVM

EYS.

Patented Sept. 7, 1937 f 2,091,974 EXCAVA'I'ING DIFFER Mitchell L. Fykse,

South Milwaukee, as-

signor to Bucyrus-Erie Company, South Milwaukee,

Wis., a corporation of Beware Application March 1s, 193s, eener ne. carri 17 Claims.

My invention relates to new and useful irnprovements in excavating dippers, such as are carried on handles, with saddle blocks,

reciprocable in and rotatable carried on inclined booms of the well-known po'wer shovels.

The actual breaking up of the material to be dug is accomplished by the lip, or upper edge,

of the clipper front, the lip being furnished with replaceable teeth, to aid in the disintegration of the material.

The lip is naturally subject to very great wear, and must .therefore be made of some high grade wear-resisting material, such as manganese steel. But even if made of the very best material, the front ticularly the lip, will of the dipper, and parwear out suiliciently to reduce materially the efficiency of the excavator long before the oth be replaced.

er parts of the dipper yneed to To provide the possibility of replacing a front without replacing the whole dipper,-Which latter would be prohibitiv have been casting parts: (l) a front front quadrant) of ely expensive-manufacturers their dippers in two separate half (or upper half, or upper high grade material; and (2) a rear half (or bottom half, or lower lrear three quadrants) of less expensive material: the two parts being bolted, orotherwise secured together,

in such a manner that, when the digging part is worn beyond the point of economical use, it may be replaced by a new such part.

The yweight of the digging part usually approximates one-half that of the whole dipper, so that replacing this part terial is quite expensive, especially as by anotherof high grade mait is only the lip portion of this part that requires high quality material, as the wear much less than that on turers are attempting to expense of making grade material, by

front half or upper This expedient has, however, some lip-piece.

undesirable features.

on the rest of this part is the lip. Some manufaceliminate the needless the whole of this part of high placing, on a medium grade half, a separate, replaceable Such a lip-piece, by requiring various lugs, bolts, etc., to join it to the back and to the remainder of the front, adds considerable to the total weight, and therefore to the cost.

Furthermore connect the lip portion it has been found difficult to sturdily enough to the remainder of the dipper.

It is the principal object of my invention to .reduce these costs, and` to increase strength,

without sacrificing easy replac'eability. This I accomplish as follows:

Instead of castin cast only the lip pr extension running g all portions of the dipper, I oper, with a narrow Y-shaped to the bottom of the dipper.

i will be readily evident I make the back and sides and the lower portions of the front cf my dipper, of plate material, bent to shape; as 'the stresses in, and wear on, these portions are relatively small. My lip portion is Iso attached as to be easily replaceable. Y

Another object of my invention is to provide for the possibility of using the same dipper on any one of a number of different types of handles, as il provide vertical ribbing, which may be spaced 'on the back to suit the particular handle, being welded into proper place to dt the requirements of the handle.

As is usual in digging dippers, I provide my lip portion with sockets, for the insertion of teeth. The lip has upward projections that flt into the sides of the teeth, thus providing supports for the teeth that are far up towards their cutting edge, and thereby reducing stresses that tend to cause breakage. This feature of my invention is covered by the copending application of myself and Mark J. Woodhull, Serial No. 717 ,002, led March 23, 1934, for improvements in dipper teeth, which has since matured into Patent No. 42,040,085, dated May l2, i936.

I have provided convenient means for the attachment of a ball, this means also serving to help lock my lip portion to the dipper, and to transmit the hoisting pull directly to the lip portion.

l also construct all parts of my dipper so as to between the portions. This ensures better dumping.

In addition to the objects stated, I have worked out a number of novel and useful details, which from the description which follows. My invention consists in the novel parts, and in the combinations and arrangements thereof, which are defined in the appended claims; and of which one embodiment is exemplified in the accompanying drawing, which are hereinafter particularly described` and explained.

Throughout the description, the same reference number is applied to the same member or tc similar members.

Referring to the Figure 1 shows a side Figure 2 is a front tooth in place.

Figure 3 is a vertical section through the cast front, and through a tooth, taken as indicatedl by the line 3-3 in Figure 2, and showing the manner in which the tooth is secured in the socket. 1 Figure 4 is a vertical section taken as indicated by the line 4--4 in Figure 2..

drawing, it will be seen that elevation of my dipper. elevation, also showing one Figure 5 is a vertical section taken as indicated by the line 5,-5 in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a vertical section taken as indicated by the line 3 5 in Figure '1. A

5 Figure 7 is a slightly enlarged and slightly more detailed showing of the bail attachment of Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a horizontal section takenas indicated by the line 8 3 in Figure 7.

10 Referring more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, We see that II is a plate, bent to form the back and sides and a portion of the front, of my dipper. This plate is symmetrical about a vertical line through the center of the back, and is of Such a shape that, when the ends are brought around to the middle of the front, as indicated in Figure 2, where they may be joined by a weld (which for simplicity is not shown), their upper edges I2 form an open V, which is 7to be filled by the cast front I3.

The front I3 is provided with sockets I4, for the insertion of teeth I5, each efvwhich is secured in place by a taper-pin I6, driven through aligned holes I'I inthe dipper front and a corresponding hole I'Ia in the tooth base, as shown more partlcularly in Figure 3.

The lip I8, i. e. the upper edge of the front I3,

has, at each tooth socket, upward projections I9 that t into the sides of the teeth I5, thus providing supports for the teeth as near the cutting edge as possible, and correspondingly reducing the risk of breakage. This feature is covered by the copending application already referred to herein.

'Ihe cast front I3 is Y-shaped, as seen in Figure 2, to overlap the V-sliaped opening formed by the joining of the two ends of the plate II, and is joined to the plate II by bolts or rivets 20. At 2I is shown a combined latch-keeper and splice-plate, which cooperates with the latch-bar 22 (Figure 4) to latch the dipper-door 23, the door being hinged at 24 to an element later to be described. By means of bolts 25 this latch-keeper 2| binds the two ends of plate II (bent around and welded together as before described) to a relatively narrow downward prolongation 26 of the cast front I3, which is shown in section in Figure 4, and to a bottom-bar 2l. The bottombar serves to strengthen the lower portion of the dipper, being bolted, Welded, or otherwise secured thereto.

The cast front I3 is strengthened by vertical and horizontal flanges 28, 29, respectively. f5 An upper reinforcement 30 and a similar lower reinforcement 3I,' each shaped to t against the back and a lportion of the sides as shown, are welded on the plate member II.

Four or more dipper-back ribs 32 are welded or otherwise secured to the back of the dipper, and to the upper and lower reinforcements 30, 3|. These ribs are vertical and parallel, and are spaced to suit the requirements of the particular handle to which the dipper is' to be attached. 'I'hus at 33 is shown one of the two handle-attachment pins,which passes through aligned holes in two adjacent dipper-back ribs, and through one of the two side-pieces of the handle (not shown). Similarly passing through aligned holes in two adjacent dipper-back ribs 32is shown one of the two handle-brace pins 34, which serve to attach the handle-brace (not shown) to the dipper. If the dipper is to have a padlocksheave attached to the back, rather than to the bail-lugs hereinafter described, corresponding i the back are exactly similar.

holes for 'a padlock-pin 3l are provided in the central ribs.

My method of mounting the dipper on the handle presents the following advantage over the older construction. The dipper-back being straight and of uniform reinforcements 30, 3| each having uniform crosssection throughout, all vertical sections through Hence the dipperback ribs 32 may be left oiI until the dimensions of the particular handle upon which the dipper is to be used are known, and then welded o'n, spaced accordingly. Thus, of several flippers, exactly alike in all other respects, each may be placed on a handle the dimensions of whose end differ from the corresponding dimensions of anyv of the other handles.

If the dipper is to have a bail, a hole is drilled through the rearwardly projecting side portion of the `cast front I3, and corresponding holes in the side piece II aind the reinforcement 3U, the latter two holes being slightly larger than the former, in order to avoid the necessity of securing very exact alignment. A shear-plug 36, having a hole for a bail pin 31, is then close-fitted in the hole in the cast front I3, and welded (as shown at 38 in Figures 6 and 8) to the side-piece II and reinforcement 30; any slight difference in alignment being taken up by the welding.

Let us now consider the bail-bracket 39, which plays an important part in my invention. As clearly indicated in Figures 6 and 7, the .rearwardly projecting portion of my cast front I3 overlaps and clears my side-piece II and my reinforcement 30, and also extends slightly further downward than my reinforcement 30. The shoulder 40 (see Figure 7.) and lower edge 4I (see Figure 6) Aof this rearwardly projecting portion constitute two abutments at right angles to each other. o The bail bracket 39 is built with cooperating abutnients, and is secured (as by rivets 42) to the front.

The result of this construction is that the hoisting strain, during digging, is directly applied to the front I3, thus eliminating any appreciable tendency to shear either the bail-bracket 39 or the reinforcement 30 from the other parts of the assembly.

'I'he bail-pin 3'I may be secured against rotation and translation by any appropriate means, such as a set-screw 44. The bail (not shown) is pivoted in the usual manner on the bail-pin 3l.

For a dipper without a bail, the shear plug 36 described above is replaced by a solid plug, similarly welded in place.

Having now described and illustrated one form of my invention, I wish it to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specific form or arrangement of parts hereinbefore described, except nsofar as such limitations are specied in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. I n an excavating dipper, the combination of: a vest-shaped piece of plate-metal, bentto form the back, the two sides and the front of the dipper; a Y-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting. a juncture' for the vest-shaped piece, and having bentaround portions for the reinforcement of a portion of the upper partof the sides; anda plurality of metal vertical ribs, attached to the back of the dipper, to constitute means of attachment, and to constitute a reinforcement for the back.

side-piece, and (as by, rivets 43) to the cross-section, and the 2. In an excavating dipper, the combination of avast-shaped piece of plate-metal, bent to form the back, the two sides andthe front of the dipper; a reinforced casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a juncture for the vest-shaped piece; and a plurality of metal vertical ribs, attached tothe back of the dipper, v to constitute means of attachment, and to constitute a reinforcement for the back. 3, In an excavating dipper, thecombination of: a vest-shaped piece two sides and the front ofthe dipper; and a Y- shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a juncture for the vestshaped piece, and having bent-around portions for the reinforcement of a portion of the upper part ofthe sides.

4. In an excavating dipper, the combination of: a vest-shaped piece to form the back, lthe two l0 sides and the front of the dipper; and a Y-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a juncture for the vest-shaped piece.

5. I n an excavatingdipper,' the combination 55 of: a vest-shapedpieoe to form the back, the

twosides and the front of the dipper; and a reinforced wedge-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a juncture for the vest-shaped piece, and havingbent- 50 around portions for the reinforcement of a portion of the upper part of the sides. j 6.111 an excavating 'dipper, the combination of: a vest-shaped piece to form the back, the two sides and the front of the dipper; and a reinforced wedge-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a junoture for the vest-shaped piece. V'1. As a new article of manufacture, a single integral reinforced substantially triangular dip- 40 per-front casting, having at its upper edge, i. e. the edge furthest from its lower` vertex, means for the attachment of digging teeth, and having at each of its two upper vertices bent-around portions for the reinforcement .of the upper part of the sides'of the ldipper -to which it is to be attached. 8. As a new article of manufacture, a single integral reinforced substantially triangular dipper-front casting, having at its upper edge, i. e.

5 0 the edge furthest from its lower vertex, means for the attachment of digging teeth. 9. In an excavating dipper, the combination of: a vest-shapedv pieccto form the back, the

two sides and the front of the dipper;A a Y-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting a juncture for the vest-shaped piece, and having non-abutting bent-around portions for-the reinforcement of a portion of the upper part of the sides,` these bent-around por- `o0 tions having forward and downward abutments;

and two 'bail-lugs, each having provision for attachment to the dipper, and each having rearward and upward cooperating abutments. 1 10. In 'an excavating dipper, the combination of: a vest-shaped lpiece to form the back, the two sides and the front of the dipper; a Y-shaped casting, forming the upper portion of the front, and constituting 'a :luncturev forv the vest-shaped piece, and having nonabutting bent-around portionsfor the reinforcement ofa portion of the upper part offthelsides, these bent-around portions having forward, and downward abutments;

I' two bail-lugs, eacl having provision for vattachment to the dipper, and each having rearward and upward cooperating abutments; the dipperv to form,the back, the.

portions having lugs, each having provision sides, the bent-around portions of the front, and

'the bail-lugs, vhaving aligned holes for the insertion of shear-plugs; and two shear plugs, inserted through these holes and welded to one of thesaid three elements.v

11. `As a new article of manufacture, a single integral Y-shaped dipper-front casting, having at its upper edge means for the attachment of digging teeth, and having at its top sides bentaround portions for the reinforcement of the upper part ofthe sides of the dipper to which it is to be attached, these bent-around portions being provided with forward and downward abutments, appropriately adapted to receive cooperating abutments of bail-lugs.

12. In an excavating dipper. the combination of: sides; aV lip-piece, having bent-around portions, overlapping the sides, these bent-around forward and downward abutments; and two bail-lugs, eachl having provision for attachment to the `dipper, and each having rearward and upward abutments cooperating respectively with the forward and downward abutments already mentioned.

' 13. In an lexcavating dipper, ther combination of: sides; a lip-piece, having bent-around portions, voverlapping the. sides, these bent-aroundportions having forward and downward abutments; two bail-lugs, each having provision for attachment to the dipper, and each having rearward and upward abutments cooperating respectively vwith the forward and downward abutments already mentioned; the dipper sides, the

bent-around portions of the front,'and the baillugs, having raligned holes for the insertion of shear-plugs; and two shear. through thesev holes and welded-to 4one of the said three elements.

14. In an excavating dipper, the combination of the dipper proper, having on each side forward and downward abutments; and two bailthe dipper, and each having` rearward and upward abutments cooperating respectively with the forward-and downward abutments already mentioned. y

15. man-excavating dipper, thecombination of: the dipperproper, having on each sidev forward and-downward abutments; two bail-lugs,

each having provision for attachment to the dipper, and each having rearward and upward abutvments cooperating respectively with the forward and downward abutments already mentioned; the dipper sidesand the bail-lugs, having aligned holes for the insertion of shear-plugs; and two shear plugs,vlnserted through these holes, and welded to the dipper sldes.

16. As a new article of manufacture, a single integral reinforced substantially triangular dipper-front casting, having at its upper edge, l. e.

vthe edge furthest' from its lower vertex, means for the attachment of digging teeth,having at each `of its two upper vertices, bent-around'portions for the reinforcement of the upper part of the sides -of the dipper to which it is to beattached, and having a latch-keeper inits 1ower vertex.

17. As a new article of l gle integral reinforced substantially triangular dipper-front casting, having at -its upper edge, i. e. the edge furthest from its lower vertex, means for the attachment of digging teeth. land havinga latch-keeper in its lower vertex..

m'rcmnnr..

for attachment to y plugs. inserted i manufacture, a -sin- 

